Atmosphere Stations

Atmosphere stations continuously measure data on greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere and basic meteorological conditions. Additionally, descrete air samples are taken daily for possible analyses of other trace gases in the laboratory. ICOS Sweden operates three Atmosphere stations: Hyltemossa, Norunda and Svartberget

Parameters measured at ICOS Sweden Atmosphere stations. The measurements listed here, are those according to the ICOS Atmosphere station protocols; Please, check the individual station pages for information on additional measurements.
Atmosphere stations	Hyltemossa (HTM)	Norunda (NOR)	Svartberget (SVB)
coordinates	56°06'N, 13°25'E	60°05'N, 17°29'E	64°10'N, 19°47'E
continuous measurements
Gas concentrations : CO, CO₂, CH₄, H₂O, (N₂O, coming soon)	30 m, 70 m, 150 m	32 m, 58 m, 100 m	35 m, 85 m, 150 m
PBL/cloud base height	at top of lab building	at ground level	at ground level
wind speed/direction, air temperature, humidity	30 m, 70 m, 150 m	32 m, 58 m, 100 m	35 m, 85 m, 150 m
Turbulent fluxes (energy, momentum, GHG)	Ecosystem station (SE-Htm)	Ecosystem station (SE-Nor)	Ecosystem station (SE-Svb)
periodic sampling
Flask sampling: CO, CO₂, CH₄, H₂O, SF₆, H₂, ^12/13CO₂, ^12/13CH₄, ¹⁴C	150 m	100 m	150 m
Aggregated sampling of radiocarbon ¹⁴C	150 m	100 m	150 m

continuous measurements

periodic sampling