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Atmosphere stations continuously measure data on greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere and basic meteorological conditions. Additionally, descrete air samples are taken daily for possible analyses of other trace gases in the laboratory. ICOS Sweden operates three Atmosphere stations: Hyltemossa, Norunda and Svartberget
Atmosphere stations | Hyltemossa (HTM) | Norunda (NOR) | Svartberget (SVB) |
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coordinates | 56°06'N, 13°25'E | 60°05'N, 17°29'E | 64°10'N, 19°47'E |
continuous measurements |
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Gas concentrations : CO, CO2, CH4, H2O, (N2O, coming soon) | 30 m, 70 m, 150 m | 32 m, 58 m, 100 m | 35 m, 85 m, 150 m |
PBL/cloud base height | at top of lab building | at ground level | at ground level |
wind speed/direction, air temperature, humidity | 30 m, 70 m, 150 m | 32 m, 58 m, 100 m | 35 m, 85 m, 150 m |
Turbulent fluxes (energy, momentum, GHG) | Ecosystem station (SE-Htm) | Ecosystem station (SE-Nor) | Ecosystem station (SE-Svb) |
periodic sampling |
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Flask sampling: CO, CO2, CH4, H2O, SF6, H2, 12/13CO2, 12/13CH4, 14C | 150 m | 100 m | 150 m |
Aggregated sampling of radiocarbon 14C | 150 m | 100 m | 150 m |